Wednesday, December 24, 2008

Parole for Pollard?

"..President Bush ...granted a pardon to (Charles Winters), who broke the law to supply aircraft to Jews fighting in Israel's 1948 war of independence.......Winters died in 1984."
Milwaukee Journal Sentinel, Dec. 24, 2008, page 12A.

The outgoing President could generate even more gratitude from Israelis and pro-Israel Americans by commuting the sentence of a living man who also broke American law to help Israel: Jonathan Pollard.

Pollard was a civilian analyst for the Naval Investigate Service (now known as NCIS), who plead guilty in 1986 to one count of passing classified information to a foreign country, Israel. Although the Justice Department (pursuant to a plea agreement) asked for only a "substantial number of years" in prison, the judge followed the recommendation of then Secretary of Defense Caspar Weinberger and imposed a life sentence. Although Pollard has been eligible for parole since 1995, he has not yet applied for parole. He will be entitled to mandatory parole in 2015 if he complies with all prison rules till then. (1)

Pollard's offenses are actually much more serious than the one count to which he pleaded. He stole about a million classified documents, including a manual of US electronic surveillance codes. He passed information to South Africa, and tried to sell other info to Pakistan, among other countries. He earned tens of thousands of dollars from Israel alone for his perfidy. After his arrest, he also violated an agreement not to discuss classified information without Navy clearance in several interviews.

At first the Government of Israel denied that Pollard was spying for the Jewish state, then said he was doing so for a rogue operation. (Pollard's Israeli handler, Aviem Sella, was subsequently put in charge of an air force base; some rogue!) Later Prime Minister Benyamin Netanyahu admitted that Pollard did spy for Israel, and asked President Bill Clinton to release him in connection with the Wye River negotiations. When CIA Director George Tenet threatened to resign in protest if Clinton did so, the matter was dropped. Since then, both the Government of Israel and American Zionists have urged President George W Bush to pardon Pollard or at least commute his sentence to time served.

On the other hand, six former Secretaries of Defense who served after Weinberger, including Vice President Dick Cheney, have urged that Pollard remain in prison. I do not believe that Bush would go against Chaney on this issue, so further pressure in this direction is useless. Perhaps the Winters posthumous pardon was a gesture to the pro-Israel community to compensate (however insufficiently) for Bush's refusal to spring Jonathan Pollard.

Although Pollard spied for a friend, Israel, he got the same sentence as Aldrich Ames, John Walker and Robert Hanssen, all of whom worked for the Soviet Union. Morton Sobell, who also spied for the Soviets during World War II (when the USSR was allied with the US), was sentenced to 30 years in 1951, but was released in 1969. Unlike Pollard, Sobell did not have a plea agreement, and admitted his guilt only in September of this year.

In my judgment, the Pollard case is more similar iln severity to the Sobell case than to the Ames/Walker/Hanssen cases. Although Pollard harmed both the US and fellow Jews (who may have suffered discrimination in getting security clearances after his capture), I believe that he has suffered enough for his crimes, nearly a quarter-century of imprisonment. He poses no threat today: he will never again be entrusted with secrets, and any secrets he may still remember and might reveal are nearly 25 years old.

But why has he not applied for parole? Perhaps he is sure that it will be denied, perhaps he is holding out for a pardon or some other form of vindication.

I say to Jonathan Pollard: forget the pardon, forget the vindication. You have earned neither. With Cheney against a commutation, Bush won't grant it. If you don't like prison, apply for parole now!
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(1) Wikipedia biography of Jonathan Pollard.

Labels:

Sunday, December 21, 2008

Martyrs

"An Israeli airstrike against a Palestinian rocket squad (in Gaza) killed a militant....The Al Aqsa Martyrs Brigade, the armed wing of ....the Fatah movement, identified the dead man as of its fighters."
Associated Press, Dec. 21, 2008

I have no problem with members of the Al Aqsa Martyrs Brigade (AAMB) seeking martyrdom; in fact I would support sending Dr Jack Kevorkian to Gaza to help them attain it as soon as possible. According to the great Scottish poet Macaulay, there is no better death than one incurred while fighting for a cause. (1) And Macaulay was not even a Muslim!

What bothers me is that they insist on inflicting martyrdom on those who do not share their cause. Firing rockets into Israel from Gaza is only the latest example of their activities; AAMB was responsible for as much terrorism during the Second Intifada (2000-2006) as Hamas and other Palestinian jihadist groups combined. In addition, AAMB gunmen raided the Gaza office of the European Union (EU) on January 20, 2006, to demand apologies from Denmark and Norway for cartoons about Muhammad. (2)

The participation of AAMB in the rocket attacks from Gaza is particularly disturbing because of the connection between the group and ruling Fatah party in the West Bank. Former PA Prime Minister Ahmed Qurei stated in June of 2004 that " Al Aqsa Martyr Brigades are part of Fatah. Fatah bears full responsibility for the group." In November of 2003 BBC journalists found that Fatah was then paying AAMB about $50,000 per month. (2)

Obviously, PA President Mahmoud Abbas has no control over the AAMB contingent operating in Gaza, which conducts joint operations with Hamas. The more serious question is whether Abbas can control AAMB in the West Bank, where it is considered the armed wing of Abbas' Fatah party. This is crucially important as negotiations between PA and the Government of Israel will commence in spring over establishment of a State of Palestine in the West Bank.

At the moment AAMB, along with other terrorist groups in the West Bank, is maintaining a long-term cease-fire with Israel, as Abbas has demanded. If Abbas reaches a peace agreement with Israel leading to the establishment of a Palestinian state, will AAMB forget all about martyrdom and live in peace with the "Zionist entity"?

I hope so, but I contend that a more likely scenario is that AAMB will emerge as the core of a group of militant Palestinian factions that will consider any deal with Israel a sell-out. Although it is possible to conceive of an agreement that would suit both Abbas and the next Government of Israel, it is inconceivable that such an agreement would also be acceptable to the hardliners and jihadists in the West Bank, especially those that boast of seeking martyrdom. Although Hamas is not dominant in the West Bank, Hamas cells operate there quietly, and could become allied with AAMB in a "rejectionist front."

In this case, AAMB would break with Abbas and initiate terrorist activities against Israel, perhaps rocket attacks over the Security Fence. If PA forces tried to stop them, violence would also be turned against the Abbas government. The conflict could escalate into civil war, with an uncertain outcome.

Those who are enthusiastic to follow the "Road Map" to a Palestinian state should consider the potential that groups such as AAMB pose to the PA leadership. The best hope of preventing terrorism and internecine violence may be for the PA to disarm all West Bank militias prior to independence. As John Lennon would put it, at least this step would "give peace a chance."
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(1) "How can a man die better
Than facing fearful odds
For the temples of his fathers
And the altars of his gods."

(2) Wikipedia article on "Al Aqsa Martyrs Brigade."

Labels: ,